Which group is listed as a non-market stakeholder in the material?

• A. The media
• B. Governments
• C. Regulators
• D. Charities

Answer: (A)

Non-market stakeholders are groups that influence or are influenced by a company through渠道 other than buying and selling products—through politics, public opinion, media scrutiny, regulation, and advocacy. The media fits this role because it shapes how the public views the company, highlights issues, and can drive reputational risk or demand greater transparency. What happens in the media can lead to regulatory attention or shifts in public policy, affecting the company’s strategic options even though there isn’t a direct market transaction involved. While governments, regulators, and charities also interact with firms outside the price mechanism, the material specifically identifies the media as the non-market stakeholder in this context, emphasizing its role in information flow and perception management that can influence strategy.